PATIENT INFORMATION: Nervous System Implants

What … for? (Indications)

1. Hard structures
   Bone substitutes and/or fixing materials are used to maintain bone structures of the skull or spine after e.g. diseases or traumata.
2. Soft structures
   Membranes, nerves, brain is used to maintain or reconstruct soft tissues.
3. Fluids
   Fluids are substituted to manage the flow of fluids.
4. Nerv (influencing)
   Nerv influencing implants are used to stimulate or influence nerves or brain, e. g. at chronic pain (neurostimulation).

Numbers n/a

Times n/a (too individual)

Contraindications

• behavioral
   specific
  
• medical
   quite specific. general surgical contraindications
  
• during surgery
  specific

Risks (Risks in this chapter are quite specific and cannot be calculated generally)

• during surgery
  specific
• short term
  inflammation, repulsion, injury of neighbouring structures, thrombosis, hematoma, injury of nerves or vessels, hemorrhage.
  
• long term
  no improvement, loosening, dislocation, osteolysis, chronic inflammation, chronic pain, systemic influence.
  
• restrictions
  individual

Failures
n/a, e.g. mechanical trauma, too many varieties

Material

• hard
  • autologous
    • saving defect parts
  • allogenic
    • Granules, Blocks, 3D-planned individual parts
  • xenogenous
    • Granules, Blocks, 3D-planned individual parts
  • alloplastic
    • Titanium (TiAl6V4 a.o.)
    • CoCrMo-alloys
    • Polyethylen (Teflon)
    • PMMA
    • PEEK
    • TCP (tricalciumphosphat)
    • HA (Hydroxyapatite)
    • Poly (L-lactide-co-D, L-Lactide) 70:30
• soft
  • Absorbable collagen tube
  • Acellular, sterile, porcine dermal matrix
  • Bovine deep flexor tendon
  • Bovine pericardium
  • Synthetische Dura mater Polyester Urethane

Statistics   n/a

Literature

• basic
  • Head and face reconstruction
  • Skull base reconstruction
  • Deep brain stimulation
  • Kumar K, et al. Spinal cord stimulation versus conventional medical management for neuropathic pain: a multicentre randomized controlled trial in patients with failed back surgery syndrome. Pain. 2007;132:179-188.
• problems
  • n/a, single case reports
• science/future
  • Brain computer Interface

Criticism   n/a

Selected Patient Information

• AANS
• Medline

Medical Societies

• dealing with this subject are listed here

Register for Patients

• Medtronic/Registry for deep brain stimulation systems: two protocols titled the Implantable Systems Performance Registry (ISPR) and the Product Surveillance Registry (PSR).
• In the register of the registries you can check which ones are available.
• If your implant is not covered:
  The Implant-Register offers registration of implants online (fee) and you can download a printable version for your personal use.

Disclaimer
The information and links and whatsoever shown on this page are compiled with care. However, Implant-Register can´t take any responsibility for the information given, nor their content, nor their up-to-date nature, particularly in interlinked pages. You may help us with your contribution, granting us the decision to publish or not. Be careful with conclusions for yourself, in doubt double-check and consider medical solutions are individual and have to be found with an educated medical person.