IMPLANT INFORMATION about the Nervous System


What … for? (Indications) 1) Hard structures Bone substitutes and/or fixing materials are used to maintain bone structures of the skull or spine after e.g. diseases or traumata. 2) Soft structures Membranes, nerves, brain is used to maintain or reconstruct soft tissues. 3) Fluids Fluids are substituted to manage the flow of fluids. 4) Nerv (influencing) Nerv influencing implants are used to stimulate or influence nerves or brain, e. g. at chronic pain (neurostimulation).
Numbers n/a
Times n/a too individual
Contraindications	behavioral			Specific.
	medical			Quite specific. General surgical contraindications.
	during surgery			n/a

Risks	during surgery
Risks in this chapter are quite specific and cannot be calculated generally	short term			Inflammation, repulsion, injury of neighbouring structures, thrombosis, hematoma, injury of nerves or vessels, hemorrhage.
	long term			No improvement, loosening, dislocation, osteolysis, chronic inflammation, chronic pain, systemic influence.
	restrictions			Individual.

Failures	n/a, e.g. mechanical trauma, too many varieties
Material	hard	autologous			saving defect parts
		allogenic			Granules, Blocks, 3D-planned individual parts
		xenogenous			Granules, Blocks, 3D-planned individual parts
		alloplastic			Titanium (TiAl6V4 a.o.)
					CoCrMo-alloys
					Polyethylen (Teflon)
					PMMA
					PEEK
					TCP (Tricalciumphosphat)
					HA (Hydroxyapatite)
					Poly (L-lactide-co-D, L-Lactide) 70:30
	soft				Absorbable collagen tube
					Acellular, sterile, porcine dermal matrix
					Bovine deep ﬂexor tendon
					Bovine pericardium
					Synthetische Dura mater Polyester Urethane
Statistics	n/a

Literature	– Basic		Head and face reconstruction Skull base reconstruction Deep brain stimulationKumar K, et al. Spinal cord stimulation versus conventional medical management for neuropathic pain: a multicentre randomized controlled trial in patients with failed back surgery syndrome. Pain. 2007;132:179-188.

	– Problems		n/a, single case reports
	– Science/Future		Brain computer Interface
Criticism	n/a
Selected Patient Information	AANS Medline
Medical Societies	dealing with this subject are listed here
Register for Patients	Medtronic/Registry for deep brain stimulation systems: two protocols titled the Implantable Systems Performance Registry (ISPR) and the Product Surveillance Registry (PSR). In the register of the registries you can check which ones are available.
	If your implant is not covered: The Implant-Register offers registration of implants online (fee) and you can download a printable version (free) for your personal use.
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