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Complication rate after hip and knee arthroplasty related to obesity

24 July 2023

Obesity prevalence has almost tripled worldwide since 1975 (Germany). Obesity is a risk factor for osteoarthritis of the hip and even more so of the knee. Compared to non-obese individuals, they have a higher risk of complications. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between obesity and complication rates, revision rates, and mortality after primary and revision hip and knee replacements.
In our study, obesity was associated with an increased risk of revision surgery within one year. For hip arthroplasty, the risk of revision also increased with each BMI category. Recent studies have shown that obesity is associated with an increased rate of aseptic loosening resulting in prosthesis replacement. As well, an increased rate of infection has been reported in obese patients with subsequent removal or replacement of the prosthesis. Revision procedures for dislocation increased for hip implants with increasing BMI, whereas revisions decreased with increasing BMI. Obese patients continued to have higher rates of in-hospital adverse events in all groups, which was particularly evident in those with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m². In-hospital mortality within 90 days was increased only in those with grade 3 obesity at primary procedures.
Author(s)	Source
Jeschke E, Gehrke T, Günster C, et al.	Dtsch Arztebl Int 2023; 120: 501-2; DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0067
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